Peran Latihan Terapeutik Pada Pasien Wanita 23 Tahun Dengan Lupus Eritematosus Sistemik (LES)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36408/mhjcm.v8i2.608Keywords:
LES, arthritis, latihan aerobik, latihan LGSAbstract
Lupus eritematosus sistemik (LES) merupakan penyakit autoimun yang heterogen yang melibatkan banyak organ dengan gambaran klinis yang beragam. Penyakit ini ditandai oleh produksi antibodi terhadap komponen-komponen inti dan umumnya terjadi pada wanita (rasio 9:1), setelah masa pubertas (pada usia 20-30 tahun) serta dipengaruhi oleh faktor genetika.
Pada LES didapatkan keterlibatan kulit dan mukosa, sendi, darah, jantung, paru, ginjal, susunan saraf pusat (SSP) dan sistem imun. Dilaporkan bahwa pada 1000 pasien LES di Eropa yang diikuti selama 10 tahun, manifestasi klinis terbanyak berturut-turut adalah arthritis sebesar 48,1%, ruam malar 31,1%, nefropati 27,9%, fotosensitivitas 22,9%, keterlibatan neurologik 19,4% dan demam 16,6%. Kami melaporkan pasien LES wanita usia 23 tahun dengan arthritis yang mengakibatkan limitasi lingkup gerak sendi (LGS) bahu dan jari tangan sehingga kesulitan dalam melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari (AKS) menggunakan tangan antara lain menggenggam dan memakai pakaian dalam, gangguan pola jalan akibat kekakuan lutut kiri. serta keterbatasan ambulasi (jarak tempuh) akibat nyeri sendi ekstremitas bawah. Pasien diberikan program latihan aerobik dan LGS ekstremitas bawah menggunakan static ergocycle, latihan LGS ekstremitas atas dengan Mechanical Therapy Unit (MTU) serta latihan motorik halus dan latihan AKS. Setelah satu bulan, pasien mengalami perbaikan dalam menggenggam dan memakai pakaian dalam serta dapat berjalan dalam jarak sekitar 100m tetapi pasien masih berjalan jinjit pada kaki kiri akibat kekakuan lutut dan pergelangan kaki kiri.
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