Rehabilitation of A Child with Low Endurance in the Recovery Phase of Guillain-Barré Syndrome
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36408/mhjcm.v11i1.1020Keywords:
Guillain-Barré Syndrome, endurance, rehabilitationAbstract
BACKGROUND: Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) usually has a good prognosis of recovery. However, some patients can have remaining disabilities due to low cardiorespiratory fitness or endurance and needs to be managed.
AIMS: This study reports the rehabilitation assessment and management of a child with low cardiorespiratory endurance in the recovery phase of GBS.
CASE: A 12-year-old girl with a history of hospitalization due to Acute Motor and Sensory Axonal Neuropathy (AMSAN)-type of GBS was referred to the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PMR) outpatient clinic with tiredness that restricted her school participation. She had low cardiorespiratory endurance, which was confirmed by a six-minute walk test (6-MWT). After the rehabilitation program, her endurance level was increased, and she can return to school.
DISCUSSION: A comprehensive assessment showed that the muscle weakness, accompanied by obesity, anemia, and inactivity, led to low cardiorespiratory endurance that restricted the activity and participation. A rehabilitation program that consisted of aerobic and strengthening exercises improved cardiorespiratory endurance, walking ability, and school participation.
CONCLUSION: Rehabilitation management in children with low cardiorespiratory endurance due to the sub-acute phase of GBS could help them regain their activity and participation during the recovery phase.
Downloads
References
1. Torok DP. Physical therapy rehabilitation in a patient with Guillain-Barré syndrome with acute respiratory failure: a case report. Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects. 2020:694.
2. Ulfa M, Widowati T, Triono A. Erasmus Guillain-Barré syndrome outcome score (EGOS) to predict functional outcomes. Paediatr Indones. 2022;62(2):130-7.
3. Velcheva I, Genova K, Dimova R, Lubenova D, Popov P, Stamenov B. Textbook on nervous diseases: general neurology. Sofia: University Press "Sv. Kliment Okhridski"; 2015.
4. Sulli S, Scala L, Berardi A, Conte A, Baione V, Belvisi D, et al. The efficacy of rehabilitation in people with Guillain-Barrè syndrome: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Expert Rev Neurother. 2021;21(4):455-61.
5. Ramadan Y, Elkoofy N, Sabry S, Mansour G, El‑Anwar N. Fatigue assessment and its predictors in pediatric patients with chronic kidney disease stages III to V. Gaz Egypt Pediatr Assoc. 2023;71:3.
6. Vucic S, Kiernan MC, Cornblath DR. Guillain-Barré syndrome: an update. J Clin Neurosci. 2009;16:733-41.
7. Leonhard SE, Mandarakas MR, Gondim FAA, Bateman K, Ferreira MLB, Cornblath D, et al. Diagnosis and management of Guillain–Barré syndrome in ten steps. Nat Rev Neurol. 2019.
8. Dimitrova A, Izov N, Maznev I, Grigorova-Petrova K, Lubenova D, Vasileva D. Physical therapy and functional motor recovery in patient with Guillain-Barré syndrome - case report. Eur Sci J. 2017;13(33):11.
9. Willison HJ, Jacobs BC, Doorn PA. Guillain-Barré syndrome. Lancet. 2016;388:717–27.
10. Khairani AF, Karina M, Siswanti LH, Dewi MM. Clinical profile of pediatric Guillain-Barré syndrome: a study from national referral hospital in West Java, Indonesia. Biomed Pharmacol J. December 2019;12(4):2043-8.
11. Shahrizaila N, Lehmann HC, Kuwabara S. Guillain-Barré syndrome. Lancet. 2021 Mar;397(10280):1214–28.
12. Shastri A, Al Aiyan A, Kishore U, Farrugia ME. Immune-mediated neuropathies: pathophysiology and management. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Apr;24(8):7288.
13. Orsini M, De Freitas MR, Presto B, Mello MP, Reis CHM, Silveira V, et al. Guideline for neuromuscular rehabilitation in Guillain-Barré syndrome. Rev Neurocienc. 2001 Mar;18(4):572–80.
14. Arsenault NS, Vincent P, Yu BHS, Bastien R. Sweeney A. Influence of exercise on patients with Guillain- Barré syndrome: a systematic review. Physiother Can. 2016;68:367–376.
15. Harbo T, Andersen H. Neuromuscular effects and rehabilitation in Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with zika virus infection. In: current concepts in zika research. InTech. 2021.
16. Cheng JC, Chiu CY, Su TJ. Training and evaluation of human cardiorespiratory endurance based on a fuzzy algorithm. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(13):2390.
17. Peralta M, Henriques-Neto D, Gouveia ER, Sardinha LB, Marques A. Promoting health-related cardiorespiratory fitness in physical education: a systematic review. PLoS One. 2020;15(8):e0237019.
18. Kriswanto ES, Setijono H, Mintarto E. The effect of cardiorespiratory fitness and fatigue level on learning ability of movement coordination. Cakrawala Pendidikan. 2019 Jun;38(2).
19. Estublier B, Colineaux H, Arnaud C, Cintas P, Baudou E, Chaix Y, et al. Long-term outcomes of paediatric Guillain–Barré syndrome. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2023;00:1–11.
20. Ulrich S, Hildenbrand FF, Treder U, et al. Reference values for the 6-minute walk test in healthy children and adolescents in Switzerland. BMC Pulm Med 2013;13:49.
21. Sperandio EF, Arantes RL, Matheus AC, Silva RP, Lauria VT, Romiti M, et al. Intensity and physiological responses to the 6-minute walk test in middle-aged and older adults: a comparison with cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2015;48(4):349-53.
22. Manttari A, Suni J, Sievanen H, Husu P, Vaha-Ypya H, ValkeinenH, et al. Six-minute walk test: a tool for predicting maximal aerobic power (VO2 max) in healthy adults. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging. 2018 May:1-8.
23. Costa HS, Lima MM, Alencar MC, Sousa GR, Figueiredo PH, Nunes MC, et al. Prediction of peak oxygen uptake in patients with Chagas heart disease: value of the six-minute walk test. Int J Cardiol. 2017;228:385-7.
24. Holland AE, Spruit MA, Troosters T, Puhan MA, Pepin V, Saey D, et al. An official European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society technical standard: field walking tests in chronic respiratory disease. Eur Respir J. 2014;44(6):1428-46.
25. Wardhani RK, Kekalih A, Wahyuni LK, et al. Six-minute walking distance reference value for healthy Indonesian children: a cross-sectional study from the largest country in South East Asia. Malays Fam Physician. 2023;18:1.
26. Jalili M, Nazem F, Sazvar A, Ranjbar K. Prediction of maximal oxygen uptake by six-minute walk test and body mass index in healthy boys. J Pediatr. 2018;200:155–9.
27. Saint-Maurice PF, Kim Y, Welk GJ, Gaesser GA. Kids are not little adults: what MET threshold captures sedentary behavior in children? Eur J Appl Physiol. 2016;116(1):29–38.
28. Garg M. Respiratory involvement in Guillain-Barré syndrome:the uncharted road to recovery. J Neurosci Rural Pract. 2017;8:325-6.
29. Kanikannan MAK, Durga P, Venigalla NK, Kandadai RM, Jabeen SA, Borgohain R. Simple bedside predictors of mechanical ventilation in patients with Guillain-Barré J Crit Care. 2014;29:219-23.
30. Dishnica N, Vuong A, Xiong L, Tan S, Kovoor J, Gupta A, et al. Single count breath test for the evaluation of respiratory function in myasthenia gravis: a systematic review. J Clin Neurosci. 2023;112:58-63.
31. Soman A, Kirtikar D, Gambhir T. Normative Value of Chest Expansion in Healthy Children Between 5 to 12 Years of Age Group. Int J Physiother Res. 2022;10(5):4395-400.
32. Mani A, Singh T, Calton R, Chacko B, Cherian B. Cardiovascular response in anemia. Indian J Pediatr. 2005;72(4):297-300.
Additional Files
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Citation Check
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Budiati Laksmitasari, Johanes Putra, Luh Karunia Wahyuni, Rizky Kusuma Wardhani (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyrights Notice
Copyrights:
Researchers publishing manuscrips at Medica Hospitalis: Journal of Clinical Medicine agree with regulations as follow:
Copyrights of each article belong to researchers, and it is likewise the patent rights
Researchers admit that Medica Hospitalia: Journal of Clinical Medicine has the right of first publication
Researchers may submit manuscripts separately, manage non exclusive distribution of published manuscripts into other versions (such as: being sent to researchers’ institutional repository, publication in the books, etc), admitting that manuscripts have been firstly published at Medica Hospitalia: Journal of Clinical Medicine
License:
Medica Hospitalia: Journal of Clinical Medicine is disseminated based on provisions of Creative Common Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 Internasional It allows individuals to duplicate and disseminate manuscripts in any formats, to alter, compose and make derivatives of manuscripts for any purpose. You are not allowed to use manuscripts for commercial purposes. You should properly acknowledge, reference links, and state that alterations have been made. You can do so in proper ways, but it does not hint that the licensors support you or your usage.
