Korelasi antara Indeks Massa Tubuh, Jenis Kelamin, Usia dan Hipermobilitas Sendi pada Anak Usia Sekolah Dasar
Correlations between Body Mass Index, Gender, Age, and Joint Hypermobility in Elementary School Students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36408/mhjcm.v9i2.747Keywords:
anak usia sekolah dasar, hipermobilitas sendi, indeks massa tubuhAbstract
Latar belakang : Hipermobilitas sendi (joint hypermobility) merupakan suatu faktor risiko yang mendasari berbagai jenis gangguan muskuloskeletal pada anak-anak. Keterlambatan dalam diagnosis pada hipermobilitas sendi berisiko terhadap rasa nyeri dan gangguan fungsional dan kemampuan akademis anak di sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara indeks massa tubuh, jenis kelamin, dan usia, terhadap hipermobilitas sendi pada Anak Usia Sekolah Dasar.
Metode : Penelitian cross-sectional dilakukan di Sekolah Dasar Kleco 1, Surakarta, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 261 siswa sekolah dasar dipilih dengan purposive sampling. Variabel dependen adalah hipermobilitas sendi. Variabel independen adalah indeks massa tubuh, jenis kelamin, dan usia. Hipermobilitas sendi diukur dengan skor Beighton. Data dianalisis dengan regresi logitik ganda dengan software Stata 13.
Hasil : Analisis regresi logistik ganda menunjukkan bahwa jenis kelamin laki-laki memiliki risiko lebih rendah mengalami hipermobilitas sendi daripada perempuan, tetapi secara statistik tidak signifikan (OR= 0,89; CI 95%= 0,53 hingga 1,48; p= 0,656). Usia anak yang lebih tua (≥9 tahun) memiliki risiko lebih rendah mengalami hipermobilitas sendi daripada daripada anak dengan usia lebih muda dan secara statistik signifikan (<9 tahun) (OR= 0,52; CI 95%= 0,31 hingga 0,89; p= 0,016). Anak dengan berat badan lebih (overweight) menurunkan risiko hipermobilitas sendi daripada anak dengan berat badan normal, dan secara statistik mendekati signifikan (OR= 0,78; CI 95%= 0,60 hingga 0,89; p= 0,066).
Simpulan : Tidak ada hubungan signifikan antara jenis kelamin dengan hipermobilitas sendi. Usia dan indeks massa tubuh mempengaruhi hipermobilitas sendi pada anak usia sekolah dasar.
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