Faktor Risiko Disfagia pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus
Risk Factors of Dysphagia in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36408/mhjcm.v9i2.759Keywords:
Disfagia, Diabetes mellitus, Faktor risikoAbstract
Latar belakang : Disfagia dapat terjadi akibat komplikasi dari diabetes mellitus terutama pada fase orofaringeal. Disfagia pada diabetes mellitus terjadi karena adanya neuropati autonom akibat hiperglikemia yang lama. Komplikasi ini mempengaruhi berbagai bagian sistem saraf dan mempunyai manifestasi klinis yang beragam, salah satunya adalah kerusakan metabolik pada struktur saraf dan mikrovaskuler dari vasa vasorum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan bahwa usia, jenis kelamin, merokok, BMI dan kadar HbA1c merupakan faktor risiko disfagia pada penderita Diabetes mellitus (DM).
Metode : Penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain belah lintang melibatkan subjek sebanyak 95 penderita DM dewasa di klinik Penyakit Dalam RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang pada bulan Desember 2021 – Februari 2022. Disfagia dinilai dari kuisioner dan pemeriksaan penelanan. Data DM dan HbA1c diambil dari rekam medik. Analisis data menggunakan Chi-Square dan regresi logistic.
Hasil : Rerata usia 51,61 + 8,706 dengan usia termuda 18 tahun dan usia tertua 60 tahun. jenis kelamin laki laki : perempuan = 6 : 13. Usia (p= 0,523), jenis kelamin (p= 0,043, RP -2,76 CI 95% 0,883 – 8,686) riwayat merokok (p= 0,602), status BMI (p= 0,660), dan kadar HbA1c (p= 0,679),
Simpulan : Usia, jenis kelamin riwayat merokok, status BMI dan kadar HbA1c tidak merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya disfagia pada penderita diabetes mellitus.
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